ShockCal
Critical Care Physiology

Critical Care Physiology

Table of contents

PART I — FOUNDATIONS OF CRITICAL CARE PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 01Homeostasis, Physiological Reserve, and Critical IllnessRead chapter →
  2. 02Pressure, Flow, Resistance, Compliance, and ElastanceRead chapter →
  3. 03Cellular Energetics, ATP Production, and Mitochondrial FunctionRead chapter →
  4. 04Oxygen Delivery, Oxygen Consumption, and Cellular HypoxiaRead chapter →
  5. 05Physiological Monitoring: Static Versus Dynamic MeasurementsRead chapter →

PART II — CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 06Cardiac Output: Determinants, Regulation, and MeasurementRead chapter →
  2. 07Venous Return, Mean Systemic Filling Pressure, and Stressed VolumeRead chapter →
  3. 08Preload, Frank–Starling Relationships, and Ventricular FillingRead chapter →
  4. 09Afterload, Ventricular Wall Stress, and Ventriculoarterial CouplingRead chapter →
  5. 10Pressure–Volume Loops and Myocardial MechanicsRead chapter →
  6. 11Right Ventricular Physiology and Ventricular InterdependenceRead chapter →
  7. 12Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and Pulmonary HypertensionRead chapter →
  8. 13Coronary Perfusion, Myocardial Oxygen Supply, and DemandRead chapter →
  9. 14Cardiovascular Autoregulation and Regional Blood FlowRead chapter →

PART III — MICROVASCULAR AND FLUID PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 15The Microcirculation: Capillary Perfusion and Oxygen ExchangeRead chapter →
  2. 16Endothelial Glycocalyx and the Revised Starling PrincipleRead chapter →
  3. 17Fluid Compartments, Osmotic Forces, and Volume DistributionRead chapter →
  4. 18Interstitial Fluid Dynamics, Lymphatic Drainage, and Plasma RefillRead chapter →
  5. 19Venous Congestion, Organ Perfusion, and Tissue EdemaRead chapter →
  6. 20Fluid Responsiveness Versus Fluid ToleranceRead chapter →
  7. 21Vascular Tone, Vasoplegia, and Catecholamine ResponsivenessRead chapter →

PART IV — RESPIRATORY MECHANICS

  1. 22Respiratory System Mechanics: Compliance and ResistanceRead chapter →
  2. 23Pleural Pressure, Alveolar Pressure, and Transpulmonary PressureRead chapter →
  3. 24Lung Stress, Strain, Hysteresis, and RecruitmentRead chapter →
  4. 25Airway Resistance, Time Constants, and Dynamic HyperinflationRead chapter →
  5. 26Positive End-Expiratory Pressure: Physiological EffectsRead chapter →
  6. 27Work of Breathing, Respiratory Muscle Physiology, and FatigueRead chapter →
  7. 28Patient–Ventilator Interaction and Respiratory AsynchronyRead chapter →
  8. 29Mechanical Power and Ventilator-Induced Lung InjuryRead chapter →

PART V — GAS EXCHANGE AND OXYGEN TRANSPORT

  1. 30Alveolar Ventilation and the Alveolar Gas EquationRead chapter →
  2. 31Ventilation–Perfusion Matching and MismatchRead chapter →
  3. 32Intrapulmonary Shunt and Physiological Dead SpaceRead chapter →
  4. 33Diffusion, the Alveolar–Capillary Membrane, and Gas TransferRead chapter →
  5. 34Oxygen Content, Delivery, Extraction, and UtilizationRead chapter →
  6. 35Carbon Dioxide Production, Transport, and EliminationRead chapter →
  7. 36Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction and Pulmonary CirculationRead chapter →
  8. 37Tissue Oxygenation, Lactate, and Markers of Oxygen DebtRead chapter →

PART VI — HEART–LUNG INTERACTIONS

  1. 38Cardiovascular Effects of Spontaneous BreathingRead chapter →
  2. 39Hemodynamic Effects of Positive-Pressure VentilationRead chapter →
  3. 40PEEP, Intrathoracic Pressure, and Right Ventricular AfterloadRead chapter →
  4. 41Transmural Cardiac Pressures and Ventricular Loading ConditionsRead chapter →
  5. 42Cardiopulmonary Interactions During Shock and ResuscitationRead chapter →

PART VII — RENAL, FLUID, AND ELECTROLYTE PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 43Renal Blood Flow, Glomerular Filtration, and Renal AutoregulationRead chapter →
  2. 44Renal Oxygenation and Medullary VulnerabilityRead chapter →
  3. 45Sodium and Water HomeostasisRead chapter →
  4. 46Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate PhysiologyRead chapter →
  5. 47Osmolality, Tonicity, and Cellular Volume RegulationRead chapter →
  6. 48Renal Venous Congestion and Cardiorenal InteractionsRead chapter →
  7. 49Diuretic Physiology and Diuretic ResistanceRead chapter →
  8. 50Physiology of Renal Replacement Therapy and UltrafiltrationRead chapter →
  9. 51Hemodynamic Effects of Renal Replacement TherapyRead chapter →

PART VIII — ACID–BASE PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 52Hydrogen Ion Homeostasis and Physiological Buffer SystemsRead chapter →
  2. 53Henderson–Hasselbalch and Stewart ApproachesRead chapter →
  3. 54Metabolic Acidosis: Lactate, Unmeasured Anions, and BicarbonateRead chapter →
  4. 55Metabolic Alkalosis: Chloride, Potassium, and Renal MechanismsRead chapter →
  5. 56Respiratory Acid–Base Disorders and Compensatory ResponsesRead chapter →
  6. 57Mixed Acid–Base Disorders and Physiological InterpretationRead chapter →

PART IX — NEUROCRITICAL CARE PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 58Intracranial Pressure and Intracranial ComplianceRead chapter →
  2. 59Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Cerebral AutoregulationRead chapter →
  3. 60Cerebral Blood Flow, Oxygen Delivery, and MetabolismRead chapter →
  4. 61Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamics and Intracranial Volume RegulationRead chapter →
  5. 62Brain Edema, Osmotherapy, and Osmotic GradientsRead chapter →
  6. 63Brain–Lung and Brain–Heart Physiological InteractionsRead chapter →

PART X — SYSTEMIC AND METABOLIC PHYSIOLOGY

  1. 64Autonomic Regulation and the Stress ResponseRead chapter →
  2. 65Endocrine Physiology During Critical IllnessRead chapter →
  3. 66Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and VasoplegiaRead chapter →
  4. 67Coagulation, Endotheliopathy, and Microvascular ThrombosisRead chapter →
  5. 68Temperature Regulation, Fever, and HypothermiaRead chapter →
  6. 69Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Splanchnic PerfusionRead chapter →
  7. 70Metabolic Failure, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Multiorgan InjuryRead chapter →

PART XI — INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGY OF CRITICAL ILLNESS

  1. 71Distributive Shock and Loss of Vascular ToneRead chapter →
  2. 72Cardiogenic Shock and Ventricular Pump FailureRead chapter →
  3. 73Obstructive Shock and Acute Right Ventricular FailureRead Clinical Takeaway →
  4. 74Hemorrhagic Shock and Compensatory CirculationRead chapter →
  5. 75Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Integrated Lung PhysiologyRead chapter →
  6. 76Obstructive Lung Disease and Dynamic HyperinflationRead chapter →
  7. 77Acute Kidney Injury and Multiorgan CrosstalkRead chapter →
  8. 78Severe Valvular Heart Disease in the Critically IllRead chapter →
  9. 79Extracorporeal Circulatory and Respiratory Support PhysiologyRead chapter →
  10. 80Clinical Cases in Applied Critical Care PhysiologyRead chapter →